The Effect Of Information Security On Worker Performance

13 NORTHCENTRAL UNIVERSITY ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET Learner: Steven R Michaud CMP9600B Dr. Comprehensive Exam Leaner?s Comments: . Faculty Use Only Ph.D. Degree Concept Paper The Graduate School Version: January 2013 ? Northcentral University, 2013 Effect of Information Security on Worker Performance Concept Paper Submitted to Northcentral University Graduate Faculty of the School of Business in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY by STEVEN R. MICHAUD Prescott Valley, Arizona July 2015 Table of Contents Introduction 1 Literature Review 1 Background Information on Theory and Research 1 IS-TPPs Research Problem 5 Discussion and†¦show more content†¦concepts, hypothesis, etc...). The Discussion and Findings section expounds upon the relationship between theory and research, as well as, how research contributes to theory and how theory relates to concepts such as paradigm and model. Furthermore, the section contains information on how theory can be used to explore the effects that InfoSec technologies, policies, and procedures (IS-TPPs) have on individual productivity. The final two sections Recommendations and Conclusions briefly summarize recommendations from various researchers in the InfoSec field and draws conclusions as they relate to theory and the IS-TPPs research problem. Literature Review In line with the Torraco (2005) recommendations, this section is organized thematically, providing background information about theory and research, as well as, the IS-TPPs research problem. Background Information on Theory and Research When it comes to defining theory, researchers assign a number of means meanings, have numerous views, and define varying criteria (Gay Weaver, 2011). In fact, differences of opinion are not limited to the definition of theory; but also, (a) the nature of theory; (b) the criteria for establishing good theory; (c) its purpose; and, (d) the best method for theory-building (Gay Weaver, 2011). Why are there such differing opinions about theory? Gay

Cultural Diversity Free Essays

Understanding and Celebrating Cultural Diversity in America ` Many people mistakenly use phrases such as â€Å"American culture,† â€Å"white culture,† or Western culture,† as if such large, common, and homogenous cultures exist in the United States today. These people fail to acknowledge the presence of (1)cultural diversity, or the presence of multiple cultures and cultural differences within a society. In reality, many different cultural groups comprise the United States. We will write a custom essay sample on Cultural Diversity or any similar topic only for you Order Now The United States of America thrives on (2)diversity. A synthesis of the world’s plentiful and varied (3) races, religions, and cultures, America is a home to all, such that no one group can call itself more â€Å"American† than another. The fusion of cultures here is so unique and so exceptional that citizens can be just as proud of their original (4)cultural heritage as they are to be an American. However, many people remain opposed to the idea of cultural diversity, or multiculturalism. Cultural diversity is important because our country, our workplaces and our schools includes persons of various ethnic groups and interests. We can learn from one another, but first we must have a level of understanding about one another. What is cultural diversity? (5)Diversity is nothing more than a difference from the majority. Cultural diversity helps people to dispel negative stereotypes about one another. In any culture there is a majority and many (6)minorities. (7)Culture is a set of norms that set standards for a (8)society of what is acceptable behavior. Cultural diversity was characteristic of this continent prior to the coming of European colonists and African slaves. Throughout history, humans have expressed an interest in cultural diversity. People have recognized differences in values, (9)norms, beliefs and practices everywhere. Cultural diversity allows for a better understanding of other cultures and ideas. Whenever different groups have come into contact with one another, people have compared and contrasted their respective cultural (10)traditions. Societies often differentiated themselves from one another based on these variant cultural patterns. The many separate societies that emerged around the globe differed markedly from each other, and many of these differences persist to this day. As well as the more obvious cultural differences that exist between people, such as language, dress and traditions, there are also significant variations in the way they interact with their environment. Cultural diversity can be seen as analogous to (11)biodiversity. Writings on the diversity of cultures have often been based on (12)ethnocentric attitudes. (13)Ethnocentrism is the practice of judging another society by the values and standards of one’s own society. It appears that ethnocentrism is a universal phenomenon. In America, many of us have a peculiar habit of assuming that those who differ from our norms are wrong. We tend to view the world from a rather (14)myopic view leading to those outside this country calling us â€Å"ugly Americans†. As humans learn the basic values, (23)beliefs and norms of their own society, they tend to think of their own group and culture as preferable, ranking other cultures as less desirable. In fact, members of a society become so committed to particular cultural traditions that they cannot conceive of any other way of life. Unlike (15)assimilation, where everyone’s differences are lost in a giant melting pot, (16) multiculturalism advocates the idea that maintaining our different cultural identities can enrich us and our communities. Multiculturalism does not promote ethnocentrism or seek to elevate one (24)cultural identity above another. Instead, it celebrates diversity by allowing us to value our individual (17) heritages and beliefs, while respecting those of others. To combat the problem of ethnocentrism, (25)sociologists embrace the concept of (18)cultural relativism. Cultural relativism is the view that (26)cultural traditions must be understood within the context of a particular society’s responses to problems and opportunities. Cultural relativism is a method or procedure for explaining and interpreting other people’s cultures. Because cultural traditions represent unique adaptations and symbolic symbols for different societies, these traditions must be understood by sociologists as objectively as possible. Cultural relativism offers sociologists a means of investigating other societies without imposing ethnocentric assumptions. Cultural diversity makes our country richer by making it a more interesting place in which to live. Just think how boring a meal would be without Chinese, Mexican, Japanese, Italian, German, French or Indian food. Cultural diversity also makes our country stronger and better able to compete in the new (19)global economy. People from diverse cultures bring language skills, new ways of thinking, and creative solutions to difficult problems and negotiating skills. In the past, ethnographers in the United States used to refer to our country as a (20)melting pot where new (21) immigrants would eventually be fully integrated into the American culture. This has obviously not happened so modern researchers have begun to talk about America as a garden salad where different cultural diversity mixes with the European American culture to form a meal where all of the various ingredients are still readily identifiable. As we build our cultural awareness, we also build bridges to trust, respect, and understanding across cultures and within a multicultural world. Every culture and race has made a substantial contribution to American history. Respect for each others’ (27)cultural values and belief systems is an intrinsic part of cultural diversity. Look around and you will see that our society is very diverse. Diversity enriches our lives. People may fear diversity simply because they are accustomed to the way things used to be and change makes them uncomfortable. They often view other cultural traditions as strange, alien, inferior, crazy or immoral. But the bottom line is that when we fully recognize that America is great because of the contributions of the many, then we as a people will be even more united in our common goals, and even more proud to be American citizens. Without its rich mixture of religions, races, and cultures, America would not be the nation that it is today. Founded upon the basis of equality and freedom for all, America acts as a stage where intensely different cultures not only coexist peacefully, but also thrive symbiotically and create a nation. Cultural diversity makes the United States a much more interesting place in which to live for all of its (22)inhabitants. If we all thought alike, looked alike and acted alike, imagine how boring and dull the world would be. Each culture provides its own special and irreplaceable contribution to our understanding of America today. No one likes being ignored. People long to be celebrated, not tolerated. They always have and they always will. References Naylor, Larry L. (1997). Cultural Diversity in the United States. Westpoint, CT: Bergin and Garvey. Page 1-10. http://www. diversity-books. com. html Macionis, J. J. (2009). Society: The basics. (12th ed. ). Boston, Ma: Pearson Education Inc. Scupin, Raymond and DeCorse, Christopher. (2012). Anthropology: A Global Perspective. (7th Edition). Boston, Ma: Pearson Education, Inc. Pages 218-220. How to cite Cultural Diversity, Papers Cultural Diversity Free Essays Race defines me as Mexican, German, and Irish. My religion defines me as Catholic. My country of birth defines me as American. We will write a custom essay sample on Cultural Diversity or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, I believe these terms describing me, merely list historical facts and statistics. The fact remains; I belong to these various groups by birth, not choice. I believe I am fortunate that my family instilled the understanding of diversity as far back as I can remember. Each of the people who raised me contributed to my value set in different ways. In addition, and most important, my personal experiences helped me to discover and appreciate diversity. I hail from Santa Ana, California where Hispanics make up 76. 1% of the city’s population, according to the U. S. Census Bureau (2009). In addition, my Mexican American grandparents primarily raised me. The neighborhood I where I lived consisted of fellow Hispanics and distant relatives. The Hispanic influence shaped my strong family values and racial identification. My grandparents truly believe that regardless of circumstance, family is first and above all else. The fact they raised me and still enjoy my company today is a testament to this teaching. Growing up with my grandparents meant, in addition to lifelong allegiance to family, a strong religious set of values. I was sent to Catholic school along with my cousins, taken to mass every Sunday, and prayed the rosary in hopes of keeping me safe from sin. I do appreciate the cost relating to my education; however, I am afraid it only served to strengthen my current beliefs. Specifically, that religious intolerance is unacceptable. Religious beliefs are individual. No religion is correct or incorrect. My grandparents grew up and survived an era of intolerance and prejudice. In spite of their experiences, they instilled in me values of tolerance and acceptance. My father, former â€Å"hippy,† is also responsible for my belief that, a person’s place of birth or color of skin is of no consequence. In my opinion, this teaching is the most valuable and relevant today. My second husband and I am an interracial couple. We share the same values, beliefs, and morals. The only differences we have relate to color and religious background. Thankfully, I was taught to value the person, all else is irrelevant. Through my husband, I learned that familial tradition influences religious and social beliefs. After several debates, I recognized that I was not as open-minded and tolerant as I believed. He helped me to accept myself given both, the negative and positive experiences in my life. Through him, I learned that to accept others, I had to accept myself. For me, this realization was monumental. Whereas I hold close the family values and acceptance taught to me, I realize that my diversity is due to my personal perspective. My grandparents could never teach to me the understanding of addiction. However, my father, through his own addiction taught me sympathy for those suffering from their own conflicts. I wore my father’s addiction as if the addiction were my own until I realized my siblings wore the same shame. I never understood loss of faith until I met a colleague who lost hers. Her experience helped me to understand how people are broken to the point of non-belief. I first married a person most resembling myself in terms of race and religion. However, I learned quickly that these commonalities do equal a match made in heaven. I went to school with people who came from wealth while I suffered poverty. Through these classmates, I learned that money does not magically equal happiness. My experiences do not necessarily relate to a specific culture, but do relate to understanding. I cannot make determinations upon anyone until I have experienced his or her same set of circumstances. I make no distinction between people based on religion, race, nationality, or sexual preference. I believe that each person has a purpose, even those who disturb me. By that, I mean, each person serves to strengthen beliefs or change our minds. Each experience with someone different is an opportunity to learn a new perspective. In my family, we married into various races, befriend people of various beliefs and religions, and enjoy the company of others regardless of association. Cultural diversity, in my opinion, is a two- word phrase describing understanding. I believe that I am not a product of pluralism, for I do not believe that cultural or ethnic values bind us (Kottak Kozaitis, 2003). Assimilation does not fit my values or beliefs, because I do not believe that a single culture describes my upbringing. I believe that, based on my statistics, I am multicultural. However, based on my beliefs, experiences, and perspectives, I am simply diverse. References U.S. Census Bureau. (2009). State County QuickFacts. Retrieved October 1, 2009, from http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/06/0669000.html Kottak, C.P., Kozaitis, K.A. (2003). On Being Different: Diversity and Multiculturalism in the North American Mainstream (2nd ed.). New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies How to cite Cultural Diversity, Papers Cultural Diversity Free Essays Importance of Understanding Cultural, Ethnic, and Gender Differences by Managers and Professionals in a Business Setting Abstract Diversity in the workplace is one of the most critical challenges facing organizations today. When ignored or mismanaged, it brings challenges and obstacles that can hinder the organizations ability to succeed. For this reason, workshops, training programs, and college courses have been implemented to offer a copious amount of information on understanding and managing diversity as a success key to be competitive in this complex world of business. We will write a custom essay sample on Cultural Diversity or any similar topic only for you Order Now Managing diversity is a continually evolving process targeted at improvement for the success in the organization. The world’s increasing integration requires more interaction among people from diverse cultures, beliefs, gender and backgrounds than ever before. People no longer live and work in a small marketplace and they are now part of a worldwide economy with competition coming from nearly every continent. For this reason, organizations need diversity to become more creative and receptive to change. Managers are the front line operators because they need to recognize the ways in which the workplace is changing, evolving, and diversifying. Since managing diversity remains an important organizational challenge, managers must learn the managerial skills needed in a multicultural work environment. Managers must be prepared to teach themselves and others within their organizations to value multicultural differences in their employees so that everyone is treated with dignity. Diversity is the presence of people from a wide range of backgrounds and possessing different traits. Differences in age, race, ethnic origin, culture, physical abilities, religion and sexual orientation are just some possible contributors to diversity (Neil Kokemuller and Demand Media, 2012). The need to understand diversity is also driven by women in the workplace. Today’s workforce has the highest levels of employment participation ever by women. The number of dual income families and single working mothers has increased. Women are no longer considered inferior to men and are seen more as a professional instead of something pretty to look at. Therefore, diversity issues cut across both race and gender. Also in order to ensure that people work together towards your business objectives in a positive environment, managers need to be aware of the existence and importance of culture and ethnical diversity. It often develops in the organization without the managers being aware of the change. Because employees adjust to a certain way of working and new staff is being taught to adjust to this culture. An example of this practice is the class assignment â€Å"Let’s Be lefties for a day†. As majority of society are right-handed we expect the lefties to adjust to our way of living. It is traditional and socially acceptable in most countries for a handshake to be made with the right hand. We understand that a left-handed handshake is used as a recognition device by some secret societies and has â€Å"sinister†. For example, in Latin, the word for â€Å"left† is sinister, which has come into English meaning â€Å"evil. † The French word for â€Å"left† is gauche, which in English means â€Å"awkward â€Å"or â€Å"tactless. † The English word left comes from the Old English left, meaning â€Å"weak† (Kalilich, 2003). It was very hard for me to adjust (well I didn’t) for the few hours that was attempted. The assignment provided awareness about lefties and the obstacles they go through on a daily basis. Did you know that lefties cannot play the sport polo? And there are many other things that they cannot do or have to adapt to because they are not the majority. Therefore, education in diversity can help you to attain the organization objectives. Cultural change programs might be difficult to initiate and getting key staff on your side are crucial. Unfortunately, there is no recipe for success in the organization to accomplish this. It mainly depends on the manager’s ability to understand what is best for the organization based on teamwork and the dynamics of the workplace. According to Roosevelt (2001), managing diversity is a comprehensive process for creating a work environment that includes everyone. When creating a successful diverse work environment, an effective manager should focus on personal awareness. Both managers and employees need to be aware of their personal issues. Organizations need to develop, implement, and maintain ongoing training because a one-day session of training will not change people’s behaviors (Roosevelt, 2001). In conclusion, a diverse workforce is a reflection of a changing world and marketplace. Respecting individual differences will benefit the workplace by creating a competitive edge and increasing work productivity. Diversity management benefits employees by creating a fair and safe environment. Management tools in a diverse workforce should be used to educate everyone about diversity and its issues, including laws and regulations. Most workplaces are made up of diverse cultures, so organizations need to learn how to adapt to be successful. References Kalilich, Jordon (2003). Being Left-Handed. One Lefty’s General Thoughts, Opinions, And Stuff. Retrieved November 2, 2012 from http://www. theworldofstuff. com/lefty/ Kokemuller, Neil (2012). What Is Diversity and How Does It Impact Work? Retrieved October 31, 2012 from http://smallbusiness. chron. com/diversity-impact-work-15985. html Roosevelt Thomas, R. Jr. (2001). Elements of a successful â€Å"diversity† process. The American Institute for Managing Diversity. Retrieved November 2, 2012 from http://www. aimd. org/articles/elements. html How to cite Cultural Diversity, Essay examples Cultural Diversity Free Essays Culture is the learned set of socially acquired traditions, lifestyles and behaviours, that are passed down from generation to generation. (Miller, 2007) These include patterns and ways of thinking, beliefs, knowledge, art crafts, morals , and customs. In early childhood settings educators regularly come across children that belong to a different race, ethnicity or religion . We will write a custom essay sample on Cultural Diversity or any similar topic only for you Order Now (Ramsey, 2004). Children that come from a different cultural and linguistic background can have a positive or negative experience depending on the environment and the teaching practices that early childhood educators provide for them. When children get to know their own culture and see it that it is respected they develop a sense of belonging (Kaiser Rasminsky, 2003). Developing strategies where children can be exposed to their own culture and language helps them and their families to gain a sense of belonging. Promoting an anti bias practice is a strategy that provides children with a solid understanding of equality and illuminates positive factors about coming from a different culture. (Miller, 2007). Anti bias practice also promotes self esteem and shows that children have individual differences that should be respected and acknowledge. Due to the fact that New Zealand is a country of migrants and possesses a multicultural background the early childhood curriculum, Te Whariki, promotes the diversity of cultures. (MoE, 1996) To support children and families that come from different cultures teachers should make use of different strategies to promote multicultural education. Involving parents that come from different cultural and linguistic backgrounds is a way of supporting the family so that the child feels more involved in the centre. (Gerrity, 2003) This could be done by inviting them in to the classroom to teach some basic home language words, or showing pictures of their country along with art, crafts, food or traditional clothing. Showing the social and developmental progress of their children through profiles which contain photos and art work of the children can be a helpful tool for parents for whom English is not their first language as this allows them to be involved with their child’s education. Language can be a big barrier for children that do not speak English as their first language. Children may suffer from social isolation when their language is not available. (Tabors,1998) Using a lot of body language, giving simple instructions and repeating key words and sentences are some strategies that teachers can use to break this isolation. (Tabors, 1998) Other strategies that can be included are playing the child’s home language music and using games that can represent words in both languages like matching games with shapes, parts of the body or clothing items. Teaching children some basic words such as those needed for the toilet, food, drink or sleep is a strategy that makes children feel more secure about themselves and allows them to feel that they belong to the centre community. Early childhood educators are responsible for teaching children and caring for their development regardless of their cultural and linguistic background. (Elliot, 1999) Teachers can identify the needs of different cultures in New Zealand such as Pacific , Asian communities or refugees by working together with their families and learning from their culture.(New Zealand Tertiary College [NZTC],2007). Bringing the culture of the child into the centre is another useful strategy. Physical settings are a tool that teachers can use for children to learn about different cultures.(Ramsey, 2004) These settings can display multicultural environments which display pictures or photographs of landscapes and people, art crafts and language signs so the classroom and staff can learn from the culture and be involved. Books that describe stories, myths and legends and social issues of a culture can be a helpful strategy that promotes language skills and meaningful learning of a different culture. Educators can also promote a multicultural curriculum by creating classroom environments and providing activities where children can work in a cooperative way and where they can develop a sense of empathy and acceptance of each other regardless of different cultural and linguistic backgrounds, as well as communication and social skills. (Ramsey, 2004) Strategies that support children’s different linguistic and cultural backgrounds should be woven throughout all curriculum areas and everyday activities (Miller, 2007). Teachers should make sure that all those strategies enable the development of a sense of belonging in children with different cultures should be implemented in the planning, assessment and evaluation cycle to reach a positive outcome in the social development and learning process of the child. Supporting children and families with different cultural and linguistic backgrounds and developing strategies that provide a sense of belonging is a way to acknowledging the unique culture and individuality of each child and therefore it should be celebrated and included into teaching practice. How to cite Cultural Diversity, Essay examples

Arnold Palmer Essay free essay sample

Palmer paved the way for many golf players. His charisma and charm allowed him to set the stage for the popularity of golf, especially on television. Born in the small town of Latrobe, Pennsylvania on September 10th, 1929, Palmer learned to golf by learning from his father. He was the head professional and greens keeper at Latrobe Country club, allowing him to learn from his father. Palmer is one of the most distinguished golfers in the world to date, and his name is known on any golf course. He is renowned as the best golfer in the world, not only during the 1960s but also today. Arnold Palmer has influenced society by bringing a sense of commoner to the golf course. Before Palmer, golf was a sport for members of high society, but that all changed after Arnold Palmer stepped on the golf course. In his own words, Sports Broadcaster Vin Scully had to say, In a sport that was high society, he made it High Noon. We will write a custom essay sample on Arnold Palmer Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As previously mentioned, Arnold Palmer is the reason why we enjoy professional golf on television today. Before Palmer, viewers at home rarely watched golf, but due to Arnold Palmers charm and charismatic ways, television made great money by airing professional golf. Perhaps the most important figure in Arnold Palmers life was his father, Milfred (Deacon) Palmer. Sadly, his father suffered from Polio at a young age, but this did not stop Milfred from teaching his son the game of golf. Being the head preens keeper, he was able to take child-aged Arnold to the golf course, teaching him form, technique, and even class on the course. Though these are important lessons, Palmer was taught an even more important lesson from his father: Never Give Up. Even though his father had a deteriorating disease, he buckled up and provided for his family. It was this lesson that propelled Palmers career forward. In my opinion, Arnold Palmers greatest accomplishment is his entire legacy. Although he won 4 PGA titles, 4 Masters titles, and was featured on Sports Illustrated Sportsman of the Year, his legacy will live on long after these awards will. Palmer was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, making history by being the first to do so. He also has a golf course named after him, not far from where he resides. Arnold Palmer will live on as the worlds greatest golfer due to his barrier-breaking charisma.